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    Energieeffizienz in der Industrie

    Energieeffizienz in der Industrie

    Autoren:

    Verlag:
    Springer-Verlag   Weitere Titel dieses Verlages anzeigen

    Erschienen: August 2013
    Seiten: 400
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Preis: 84.99 €
    Illustration: 98 schwarz-weiße Abbildungen
    Maße: 249x172x27
    Einband: Gebundene Ausgabe
    Zum Buch: Book
    ISBN: 9783642365133

    Inhaltsverzeichnis

    1Einführung1
    2Grundlagen3
    2.1Rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen4
    2.2Grundzüge der Investitionsrechnung9
    2.3Systematik der Energieeffizienz15
    2.4Methoden zur Analyse von Energieeffizienzmaßnahmen18
    2.4.1Pinch-Analyse18
    2.4.2Energiewertstromanalyse20
    2.4.3Energiemanagement und Energie-Controlling22
    2.4.4Exergoökonomische Analyse26
    2.5Allgemeine Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der Energieeffizienz28
    Literatur32
    3Strombasierte Querschnittstechnologien mit Anwendungsbeispielen35
    3.1Elektrische Motoren und Antriebe35
    3.1.1 Ansätze zur energetischen Optimierung elektrischer
    Antriebssysteme38
    3.1.2Checkliste zur Energieeffizienz elektrischer Antriebe48
    3.2Ventilatoren48
    3.2.1Ansätze zur energetischen Optimierung von Ventilatoren50
    3.2.2Checkliste zur Energieeffizienz von Ventilatoren52
    3.3Pumpen53
    3.3.1Ansätze zur energetischen Optimierung von Pumpensystemen55
    3.3.2Checkliste zur Energieeffizienz von Pumpen68
    3.4Druckluft69
    3.4.1Ansätze zur energetischen Optimierung von Drucklustsystemen71
    3.4.2Checkliste zur Energieeffizienz von Druckluftanlagen76
    3.5Beleuchtung77
    3.5.1Ansätze zur energetischen Optimierung von Beleuchtungsanlagen82
    3.5.2Checkliste zur Energieeffizienz von Beleuchtungsanlagen86
    3.6Rechenzentren87
    3.6.1Ansätze zur energetischen Optimierung von Rechenzentren91
    3.6.2Checkliste zur Energieeffizienz von Rechenzentren99
    3.7Galvanik100
    3.7.1Ansätze zur energetischen Optimierung der Galvanik101
    3.7.2Checkliste zur energetischen Optimierung der Galvanik109
    Literatur110
    4 Querschnittstechnologien zur Wärme- und Kälteerzeugung mit
    Anwendungsbeispielen113
    4.1Abwärmenutzung- und Wärmerückgewinnungsverfahren113
    4.1.1Strom erzeugende Techniken zur Nutzung industrieller Abwärme113
    4.1.2Wärmerückgewinnungsverfahren119
    4.2Trocknung125
    4.2.1Ansätze für die energetische Optimierung der Trocknung129
    4.2.2 Checkliste zur energetischen Optimierung von
    Trocknungsprozessen136
    4.3Lackierung137
    4.3.1 Ansätze für die energetische Optimierung von Lackieranlagen--------139
    4.3.2Checkliste zur Optimierung von Lackieranlagen158
    4.4Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung160
    4.4.1GuD-KWK- Anlagen und innovative Varianten161
    4.4.2Blockheizkraftwerke162
    4.5Prozesswärme- und Dampfbereitstellung163
    4.5.1 Ansätze zur energetischen Optimierung der Prozesswärme und
    -dampfbereitstellung164
    4.5.2 Checkliste zur energetischen Optimierung der Prozesswärme -
    und -dampferzeugung173
    4.6Kühlung und Kältebereitstellung174
    4.6.1Ansätze für Energieeffizienzmaßnahmen bei der Kälteerzeugung178
    4.6.2Checkliste zur energetischen Optimierung von Kälteanlagen186
    Literatur187
    5Charakterisierung ausgewählter Branchen mit Anwendungsbeispielen191
    5.1Metallerzeugung195
    5.1.1Herstellung von Eisen und Stahl195
    5.1.2Herstellung von Nichteisenmetallen206
    5.1.3Empfehlungen zur energetischen Optimierung der Metallerzeugung217
    5.2Weiterverarbeitung von Metallen218
    5.2.1Gießen218
    5.2.2Massivumformen235
    5.2.3Blechumformen240
    5.3Nichtmetallische mineralische Stoffe246
    5.3.1Glasherstellung246
    5.3.2Zementherstellung252
    5.4Papierindustrie260
    5.5Lebensmittelindustrie268
    5.5.1Molkereien270
    5.5.2Brauereien273
    5.5.3Fleischverarbeitenden Industrie276
    5.5.4Großbäckereien279
    5.6Chemische Industrie einschl. Grundstoffchemie284
    5.6.1Wesentliche Verfahrensprozesse der chemischen Industrie284
    5.6.2Ethylen291
    5.6.3Propen291
    5.6.4Methanol293
    5.6.5Benzol296
    5.6.6Chlor297
    5.6.7Ammoniak300
    5.6.8Soda301
    5.6.9Phosphorsäure302
    5.6.10 Empfehlungen zur energetischen Optimierung der
    Chemieindustrie304
    Literatur304
    6Energieeffizienz im energiewirtschaftlichen Kontext313
    6.1Perspektiven der Energieeffizienz in Deutschland und Europa313
    6.2Potenziale316
    6.2.1Einsparpotenzial für Deutschland317
    6.2.2Einsparpotenzial für die EU27318
    6.3Hemmnisse bei der Umsetzung von Energieeffizienzmaßnahmen322
    6.3.1Ursachen für Marktversagen324
    6.3.2Überwindung der Hemmnisse325
    6.4 Energie- und volkswirtschaftliche Effekte einer stärkeren
    Energieeffizienzstrategie332
    6.4.1Rebound-Effekt334
    6.4.2Carbon Leakage336
    6.4.3Beschäftigungseffekt337
    Literatur338
    7Zusammenfassung341
    7.1Generalisierte handlungsleitende Motive342
    7.2Weiterer Forschungsbedarf343
    Anhang345
    Sachverzeichnis349

    Register

    Sachverzeichnis
    A
    Absorption, 125
    Abwärme, 24, 71, 75, 107, 110, 113-121, 124, 125, 129, 162, 173, 174, 177, 179, 183, 184, 186, 200, 201, 205, 228, 234, 235, 238, 245, 250, 255, 258, 267, 276, 280, 282,317,318, 321,342
    Adsorption, 125, 137, 297
    Amortisation, XXIII, 14,25, 58, 82, 343
    Antrieb, XXIII, 25, 35, 37, 40, 43, 45-49, 53, 54, 69, 239, 242, 256, 271,342
    Antriebe, 147, 153, 154,168, 182, 330, 332
    Auslastung, 17, 65, 89, 91, 92, 96,124, 143, 151, 159, 183, 220, 270, 273, 275, 279, 283, 292, 342
    Auslegung, 37, 38, 51, 53, 58, 62, 71, 72, 74, 76, 80, 92, 94, 95, 122, 153, 179, 199, 250, 278, 321
    Auslegungsleistung, 62
    Bauzeitzinsen, 13
    BHKW, XIII, 27,124, 162, 163,276, 278
    BVT, XIII, 9, 298, 303, 318, 341
    C
    Controlling, 16,22-24, 76
    D
    Dimensionierung, 37, 39, 43, 55, 85, 95, 117, 182, 342
    Drehzahl, XVII, 38,44, 53, 54, 56, 57, 59, 62, 65, 149
    Drehzahlregelung, 44, 48, 51, 52, 62-65, 74, 275, 279
    Drossel, 52, 54, 58, 60, 63, 64,146, 154, 175
    drossel, 149
    Druckluft, 21, 36, 69-71, 74-76, 110, 138, 141, 150,157, 270, 276, 278, 330, 332, 342
    E
    Einkauf, 87, 323, 329
    Energiedienstleistungsrichtlinie, 5
    Energieeinsparpotenzial, 13, 76, 151, 196, 250, 267,317
    Energieflussbild, 16, 70, 170, 225
    Energiepreisprognose, 12
    F
    Fernwärme, 4,119, 160
    Feuchte, XVIII, 93, 127, 130, 134, 152, 160
    FLOX-Brenner, 250
    Frequenzumrichter, XIV, 37-39, 43-45, 48, 52, 65, 88,147
    Gleichrichter, 101, 102, 108, 110
    Hemmnis, 197,205
    Hemmnisse, XXV, 322, 324-330
    K
    Kühlung, 19, 49, 71, 82, 89, 92-94, 96, 98, 99, 107, 108, 124, 153, 157, 160, 174, 176, 183, 185, 269, 274, 275, 277, 279, 283, 288,321
    Kühlwasser, 61, 238
    M. Blesl, A. Kessler, Energieeffizienz in der Industrie, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-36514-0, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
    Sachverzeichnis


    Katalyse, 300
    Klimatisierung, XXIV, 89, 94, 96, 97, 122, 124, 174-176
    Kommission, 6, 7, 9, 54, 313, 314, 316
    KWK, XV, 8, 110, 160, 161, 259, 273, 276, 278
    Lösemittel, 139, 144, 154, 158
    Lebenszyklus, 6,13
    Lebenszykluskosten, 37, 47, 58, 60, 62, 66, 178, 180,217, 323
    Leckage, 69, 75
    Leerlauf, 74, 154, 342
    M
    Membran, 55, 287, 299, 300
    N
    Nutzungsgrad, 15, 16
    Ökodesign-Richtlinie, 6, 7, 50, 54,111
    Optimierung, 26, 31, 37, 38, 51, 54-56, 62, 66, 68, 71, 77, 82, 86-89, 91, 92, 94, 97, 101, 104, 106, 109-111, 129, 136, 139, 140, 148, 154, 158-160, 164, 169, 173, 179-182, 184-186, 197, 205, 208, 234, 235, 245, 250, 251, 255-257, 269, 282, 304,318, 321,327, 342
    Over Night Cost, 13
    P
    Prozessintegration, 259, 301, 343
    Prozesskette, 141,142, 242,245
    Recycling, 88
    Reinigungsmittel, 107, 110, 143, 145
    Rekuperator, 171, 223, 233
    Rohstoffe, 216, 217, 249, 279, 289, 296, 303
    Schrott, 196, 200, 201, 206, 219, 343
    Sekundärbrennstoffe, 253, 255, 256
    Stand-by, 6, 21, 25, 28, 29, 85,141, 143, 240
    Steuerung, 38, 53, 54, 61, 62, 74, 82, 85, 93, 117, 118, 130, 164, 180, 182, 185, 201, 224, 239, 256, 274, 326
    Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, XVIII, 53, 54, 59, 64, 94
    Stromerzeugung, 8, 117-119, 226, 255, 258, 315
    Temperaturabsenkung, 107, 179, 182, 186, 240, 284
    Vakuum, 135, 136, 177, 178, 290
    Ventilator, XXIII, 46, 48-53, 77, 93, 96, 105, 230, 242, 256, 270, 279, 284, 342
    Ventilatoren, 130, 138, 143, 149, 154, 159, 180, 182
    Verfügbarkeit, 64, 68, 239, 241, 252, 256, 257
    Verschnittmaterial, 239, 245
    Verzinsung, XXIII, 9, 12-14,153, 185
    interne, 12, 13, 109
    W
    Wärmeübertrager, 130, 149, 158, 175,291
    Wärmepumpe, 108, 121, 124,278
    Wärmerückgewinnung, XVI, 26, 31, 70, 71, 75, 77, 105-107, 129, 145, 146, 152, 159, 170, 173, 183, 186, 197, 204, 207, 219, 229, 233, 234, 238, 252, 263, 267, 275, 278, 317,318, 321,325, 343
    Wärmespeicher, 92, 115, 120, 276
    Wärmetauscher, 53, 67, 68, 76, 93, 106,110,116, 119, 145, 165, 166, 178
    Wartung, XVI, 27, 39, 42, 43, 47, 52-54, 68, 71, 75, 77, 81, 82, 88, 91, 103, 182, 234, 282, 283, 343
    Werkstoffausnutzung, 16, 17,240
    Wirkungsgrad, XVIII, 15, 39-41, 43-45, 48, 49, 52, 56-58, 62, 65, 66, 69, 75, 85, 97, 99, 102, 114, 118, 170, 171, 182, 222, 223, 230, 255, 275,293,315,316
    Zeolith, 120, 121,291