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Autoren:
Verlag:
Vde Verlag Weitere Titel dieses Verlages anzeigen
Vorwort. | ||
1 | Physikalische Grundlagen des Blitzes und des Blitzschutzes | 13 |
1.1 Historie................................................. | ||
1.2 Gewitterentstehung........................................ | ||
1.3 Gewitterzelle............................................. | ||
1.4 Typen von Blitzentladungen................................. | ||
1.5 Aufbau der Blitzentladung................................... | ||
1.6 Literatur................................................. | ||
2 Stand der Normung....................................... | ||
2.1 Grundlegendes............................................ | ||
2.2 DIN EN 62305-1 (VDE 0185-305-1): Allgemeine Grundsätze...... | ||
2.3 DIN EN 62305-2 (VDE 0185-305-2): Risikomanagement.......... | ||
2.4 DIN EN 62305-3 (VDE 0185-305-3): Schutz von baulichen Anlagen | ||
und Personen............................................. | ||
2.5 DIN EN 62305-4 (VDE 0185-305-4): Elektrische und elektronische | ||
Systeme................................................. | ||
2.6 Weitere blitzschutzrelevante Normen.......................... | ||
2.7 Literatur................................................. | ||
3 Erläuterungen zur DIN EN 62305-1 (VDE 0185-305-1): | ||
Allgemeine Grundlagen.................................... | ||
3.1 Blitzschutzzonen.......................................... | ||
3.2 Blitzstromkomponenten..................................... | ||
3.3 Wirkungsparameter von Blitzströmen.......................... | ||
3.4 Blitzstromstatistiken....................................... | ||
3.5 Gefährdungspegel......................................... | ||
3.6 Analytische Blitzstromfunktion............................... | ||
3.7 Elektromagnetische Kopplungsarten der Blitzentladung und | ||
Prüfparameter............................................ | ||
3.8 Aufteilung des Blitzstroms an verschiedenen Orten einer baulichen | ||
Anlage.................................................. | ||
3.8.1 Direkte Blitzeinschläge in die bauliche Anlage................... | ||
3.8.2 Blitzeinschläge in Versorgungsleitungen........................ | ||
3.8.3 Magnetisch induzierte Ströme in der baulichen Anlage............ | ||
3. Literatur................................................. | ||
4 Erläuterungen zur DIN EN 62305-2 (VDE 0185-305-2): | ||
Risikomanagement | 73 | |
4.1 | Schadensquellen, Schadensursachen und Schadensarten | 73 |
4.2 | Grundlagen der Risikoabschätzung | 75 |
4.3 | Häufigkeiten von gefährlichen Ereignissen | 76 |
4.3.1 | Blitzdichte | 76 |
4.3.2 | Direkte Blitzeinschläge | 78 |
4.3.3 | Nahe Blitzeinschläge | 79 |
4.3.4 | Blitzeinschläge in Versorgungsleitungen | 80 |
4.4 | Schadenswahrscheinlichkeiten | 82 |
4.4.1 | Schadenswahrscheinlichkeiten bei direkten Blitzeinschlägen | 82 |
4.4.2 | Schadenswahrscheinlichkeit bei nahen Blitzeinschlägen | 85 |
4.4.3 Schadenswahrscheinlichkeiten bei direkten Blitzeinschlägen | ||
in Versorgungsleitungen | 87 | |
4.4.4 Schadenswahrscheinlichkeiten bei indirekten Blitzeinschlägen | ||
in Versorgungsleitungen | 89 | |
4.5 | Verluste | 90 |
4.5.1 | Reduktions- und Erhöhungsfaktoren | 91 |
4.5.2 | Verlust von Menschenleben (LI) | 93 |
4.5.3 Unannehmbarer Verlust einer Dienstleistung für die Öffentlichkeit | ||
(L2) | 96 | |
4.5.4 | Verlust von unersetzlichem Kulturgut (L3) | 97 |
4.5.5 | Wirtschaftliche Verluste (L4) | 97 |
4.6 | Aufteilung der baulichen Anlage in mehrere Zonen | 100 |
4.7 | Relevante Risikokomponenten bei unterschiedlichen Blitzeinschlägen | 101 |
4.8 | Akzeptierbares Schadensrisiko von Blitzschäden | 103 |
4.9 | Auswahl von Blitzschutzmaßnahmen | 104 |
4.10 | Wirtschaftliche Verluste/Wirtschaftlichkeit von Schutzmaßnahmen | 106 |
4.11 | Berechnungshilfen | 111 |
4.12 Möglichkeiten zur Bestimmung der Schutzklasse | ||
eines Blitzschutzsystems | 112 | |
4.13 | Literatur | 113 |
5 Erläuterungen zur DIN EN 62305-3 (VDE 0185-305-3): | ||
Schutz von baulichen Anlagen und Personen | 115 | |
5.1 | Gebrauch der Norm | 115 |
5.2 | Allgemeines | 117 |
5.3 | Anwendungsbereich der DIN EN 62305-3 (VDE 0185-305-3) | 118 |
5.4 | Blitzschutz-Fachkraft | 119 |
5.5 | Planung von Blitzschutzsystemen | 121 |
5.6 | Planungsverfahren zur Festlegung von Fangeinrichtungen | 126 |
5.6.1 | Blitzkugelverfahren | 126 |
5.6.1.1 | Allgemeines | 126 |
5.6.1.2 | Anwendung des Blitzkugelverfahrens | 130 |
5.6.1.3 | Anwendung des Blitzkugelverfahrens für Dachaufbauten | 134 |
5.6.1.4 | Anwendung des Blitzkugelverfahrens für hohe Gebäude | 138 |
5.6.2 | Schutzwinkelverfahren | 139 |
5.6.2.1 | Allgemeines | 139 |
5.6.2.2 | Typische Anwendungsfälle | 141 |
5.6.3 | Maschenverfahren | 145 |
5.6.3.1 | Allgemeines | 145 |
5.6.3.2 | Anhebung der Fangcbenc | 145 |
5.6.3.3 | Ausführungsvarianten | 152 |
5.7 | Äußeres Blitzschutzsystem | 155 |
5.7.1 | Auswahl eines äußeren Blitzschutzsystems | 155 |
5.7.2 | Nicht getrennter äußerer Blitzschutz | 155 |
5.7.2.1 | Fangeinrichtungen | 155 |
5.7.2.2 | Ableitungseinrichtungen | 163 |
5.7.3 | Nutzung naturlicher Bestandteile einer baulichen Anlage | 166 |
5.7.3.1 | Allgemeines | 166 |
5.7.3.2 | Nutzung der natürlichen Bestandteile für Fangeinrichtungen | 167 |
5.7.3.3 Nutzung von Metalldächern als natürlicher Bestandteil | ||
für Fangeinrichtungen | 173 | |
5.7.3.4 | Nutzung der natürlichen Bestandteile für Ableitungseinrichtungen | 177 |
5.7.3.5 | Nutzung der natürlichen Bestandteile für Erdungen | 183 |
5.7.3.6 | Nutzung der Stahlbewehrungen in baulichen Anlagen aus Stahlbeton | 185 |
5.7.4 | Getrennter Blitzschutz | 194 |
5.7.4.1 | Allgemeines | 194 |
5.7.4.2 | Getrennter Blitzschutz mit konventionellen Blitzschutzmaßnahmen | 197 |
5.7.4.3 | Getrennter Blitzschutz mit hochspannungsfesten isolierten Leitungen | 198 |
5.7.5 | Erdungsanlagc | 200 |
5.7.5.1 | Allgemeines | 200 |
5.7.5.2 | Erderanordnung Typ A | 201 |
5.7.5.3 | Erderanordnung Typ B | 205 |
5.7.5.4 | F.rdungsanlagen in ausgedehnten Flachen | 208 |
5.7.6 | Bauteile, Werkstoffe, und Maße | 211 |
5.7.7 | Korrosionsschutz | 215 |
5.8 | Innerer Blitzschutz | 221 |
5.8.1 | Allgemeines | 221 |
5.8.2 | Blitzschutzpotentialausgleich | 221 |
5.8.2.1 | Allgemeines | 221 |
5.8.2.2 | Blitzschutzpotentialausgleich für metallene Installationen | 223 |
5.8.2.3 | Blitzschutzpotentialausgleich für äußere leitende Teile | 223 |
5.8.2.4 | Blitzschutzpotentialausgleich für innere Systeme | 224 |
5.8.2.5 | Potentialausgleich von äußeren Versorgungsleitungen | 229 |
5.8.3 | Überspannungsschutz | 233 |
5.8.3.1 | Allgemeines | 233 |
5.8.3.2 | Auswahl von Überspannungsschutzgeräten | 234 |
5.8.3.3 Installation von Oberspannungsschutzgeräten für energietechnische | ||
Leitungen | 240 | |
5.8.3.4 Installation von Überspannungsschutzgeräten | ||
für informationstechnische Leitungen | 246 | |
5.8.3.5 Praxisbeispiel - Blitzschutzpotentialausgleich für ein | ||
Einfamilienhaus | 249 | |
5.8.3.6 Praxisbeispiel - Überspannungsschutzmaßnahmen | ||
für informationstechnische Leitungen für ein Verwaltungsgebäude | 252 | |
5.8.3.7 Praxisbeispiel - Überspannungsschutzmaßnahmen | ||
für informationstechnische Leitungen im Industriebereich | 253 | |
5.8.4 Elektrische Isolierung von äußeren Blitzschutzsystemen - | ||
Trennungsabstand | 254 | |
5.8.4.1 | Allgemeines | 254 |
5.8.4.2 | Berechnung des Trennungsabstands | 256 |
5.9 | Literatur | 272 |
5.10 | Weiterführende Literatur | 274 |
Anhang A: Beispiele für Risikoabschätzungen nach DIN EN 62305-2 | ||
(VDE 0185-305-2) | 279 | |
Anhang B: Anwendung des Risikomanagements | ||
bei explosionsgefährdeten Anlagen | 300 | |
Stichwortverzeichnis | 305 | |