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    Die Chemie des Lebens

    Die Chemie des Lebens

    Autoren:

    Verlag:
    Wiley VCH Verlag   Weitere Titel dieses Verlages anzeigen

    Erschienen: September 2011
    Seiten: 168
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Preis: 27.90 €
    Maße: 221x149x20
    Einband: Gebundene Ausgabe
    Reihe: Erlebnis Wissenschaft
    ISBN: 9783527329731

    Inhaltsverzeichnis

    Vorwort: Was ist Leben?VII
    1 Einführung: Nichts geht ohne Chemie -
    auch das Leben nicht!i
    1.1Von der Urzeugung zur chemischen Evolutioni
    1.2Vom Vitalismus zur Biochemie8
    2Die chemischen Werke der Pflanze23
    2.1Vor den Pflanzen gab es die Bakterien23
    2.2 Zur Chemie und Funktion pflanzlicher
    Zellbausteine26
    2.3Ohne Photosynthese kein Leben auf der Erde32
    2.4Kraftwerke der Zellen: die Mitochondrien44
    2.5 Die wichtige Rolle des Stickstoffs:
    Stickstoff-Fixierung und -Assimilation50
    2.6 Die Wanderung von Substanzen: Transportmechanismen
    in Zellen53
    2.7Chemische Stoffe als molekulare Schalter60
    3Lebensmittel für Mensch und Tier65
    3.1Stoffe des Lebens - Baustoff- und Energielieferanten65
    3.2Chemie vom Mund bis in den Darm72
    3.3In den vier Mägen der Wiederkäuer82
    3.4Gustatorische Chemie88
    3.5Zur Biochemie des Blutes92
    3.6 Die speziellen biochemischen Fabriken
    in Leber und Niere100
    Die Chemie des Lehens. Georg Schwedt
    Copyright © 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
    4Wie alles sich zum Ganzen webt107
    4.1 Abbau, Umbau und Aufbau von Stoffen -
    Beispiele stofflicher Vernetzungen109
    4.2 Werkzeuge, Arbeiter, Boten: Enzyme, Vitamine,
    Hormone117
    4.3Von den Säuren zum genetischen Code137
    4.4 Dirigenten des Lebens: Das System Hypophyse/
    Nebennierenrinde148
    4.5Synthetische Biologie153
    Literatur161
    Personenregister163
    Sach verzeich n is165
    Inhalt

    Register

    Personenverzeichnis Altmann, Richard 137
    Aristoteles 2, 9
    Arrhenius, Svante 3, 35
    Asimov, Isaac 100
    Astbury, William 154
    Avery, Oswald Theodore 21, 138
    Baeyer, Adolf von 15, 36
    Banting, Frederick G. 129
    Bergström. Sune K. 130
    Bernard, Claude 129
    Bertrand, Gabriel E. 124
    Berzelius, Jons Jacob 69
    Best, Charles H. 129
    Bloch, Konrad Emil 45
    Blumenbach, Johann Friedrich 11
    Bohley, Peter 18
    Boschke, F. L. 5
    Boyle, Robert 32
    Braunitzer, Gerhard 97
    Bredig, Georg 120
    Buchner, Eduard 118 f Buffon, G.L.L. 3
    Butenandt, Adolf 130
    Calvin, Melvin 42
    Cavendish, Henry 32
    Claude, A. 32
    Cori, Carl Ferdinand 102
    Crick, F.H.C. 32,139
    Darwin, Charles 62
    Darwin, Francis 62
    Demokrit 9
    Descartes, René 10
    Doisy, Eduard A. 130
    Driesch, Adolf Eduard 12
    Duve, Ch. R. 32
    Die Chemie des Lehens. Georg Schwedt
    Copyright © 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH
    Eijkman, Christian 124
    Empedokles 2
    Engelmann, T.W. 35
    Euler-Chaplin, Ulf Svante von 130
    Eustachi, Bartolomeo 78
    Fischer, Emil 119, 138
    Fischer, Hans 97
    Flechtner, H.-J. 116
    Funk, Casimir 125
    Funke, Otto 96
    Galen, Claudius 77
    Gmelin, Christian Gottlob 18
    Goethe, Johann Wolfgang 107 f Goldberger, Joseph 125
    Golgi, Camillo 31
    Gottschalk, Gerhard 23
    Griffith, Fredrick 138
    Haeckel, Ernst 3
    Haies, Stephen 33
    Haller, Albrecht von 11
    Harvey, William 2
    Hellriegel, Hermann 50
    Helmont, Jan Baptist van 9, 33
    Herophilos 77
    Hesiod 2
    Hill, Robert 40
    Holley, R.W. 145
    Homer 117
    Hooke, Robert 26
    Hoppe-Seyler, Felix 19, 96
    Hoyle, Fred 3
    Hüfner, Gustav von 19
    Hünefeld, Friedrich Ludwig 96
    Ingenhousz, Jan 34
    Kendali, Edwin C. 130
    Kendrew, John 97

    & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
    Khorana, Har Gobding 145
    Kielmeyer, Karl Friedrich 17 f Kikunae, Ikeda 114
    Knoop, Franz 47
    Kolbe, Adolf Wilhelm Hermann 13
    Kool, Eric 154
    Kossei, Albrecht 137
    Krebs, Hans Adolf 47
    Kühne, Wilhelm Friedrich 118
    Langerhans, Paul 78
    Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent 33
    Leuuwenhoek, Antony van 2, 26
    Levene, Phoebus 137
    Liebig, Justus 69, 117f Lippmann, Fritz Albert 47
    Lob, Walther 5
    Lynen, Feodor Felix Konrad 45
    Malpighi, Marcello 26, 78
    Martius, Carl 47
    McCarty, Maylyn 138
    McLeod, Colin Munro 138
    Menten, Maud Leonora 119
    Meyer, Victor 15
    Michaelis, Leonor 119
    Miescher, Johann Friedrich 20 f Miller, Stanley L. 5f Mulder, Gerardus Johannes 69
    Mullis, Kary Banks 145
    Needham, John T. 3
    Neher, Erwin 56
    Nirenberg, M.W. 145
    Ohloff, Günther 92
    Oken, Lorenz 3
    Oldendorf, Henry 58
    Oparin, A.L 6
    Orb, Juan 6
    Ostwald, Wilhelm 114
    Palade, G.E. 32
    Pasteur, Louis 5
    Payen, Anselme 118
    Persoz, Jean-Francois 118
    Perutz, Max Ferdinand 97
    Priestley, Joseph 32 f Purkinje, Johannes E. von 26
    Redi, Francesco 2
    Reichstein, Tadeaus 130
    Renneberg, Reinhard 153
    Ritthausen, Heinrich 113
    Rubner, Max 65
    Ruska, Ernst August Friedrich 32
    Rutherford, Daniel 32
    Sabatier, Paul 120
    Sakmann, Bert 56
    Samuelsson, B.L. 130
    Sanger, Frederick 131
    Saussure, Nicolas Théodore 34
    Scheele, Carl Wilhelm 32
    Schickardt, Heinrich 16
    Schleiden, Matthias Jacob 26 f, 41
    Schloßberger, Julius Eugen 18
    Schmeil, Otto 36
    Schoedler, Friedrich 92 h 157
    Schopenhauer, Arthur 1
    Schramm, Gerhard Felix 21
    Schwann, Theodor Ambrose Hubert 27, 118
    Senebier, Jean 34
    Sigwart, Georg Karl Ludwig 17
    Spallanzani, Lazzaro 4
    Stahl, Georg Ernst 10 f Starling, Ernest H. 129
    Stolz, Friedrich 129
    Sumner, James B. 119
    Sutherland, John 8
    Swammerdam, Jan 26
    Träuble, Hermann 58
    Urey, Harald C. 5f Vane, John R. 130
    Vester, Fredric 114
    Wächtershäuser, Günter 6
    Wackenroder, Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm 107 f Waiden, Paul 16
    Warburg, Otto 39
    Watson, J. D. 32, 139
    Went, Frits 62
    Wickramasinghe, N. Ch. 3
    Wilfahrt, Hermann 50
    Wilkins, Maurice 139
    Willstätter, Richard 38
    Woese, Carl 7f Wöhler, Friedrich 12 f, 118
    Wolff, Caspar Friedrich 11 f Zahn, Helmut 131
    Zernike, Frits 32
    Personenverzeichnis
    Sachverzeichnis Abiogenese io Acetylcholin 135 f Acetyl-Coenzym A 46 f Adrenalin 134 f Aminosäuren, essenzielle 70
    Aminosäure-Pools 70
    Aprotinin 72
    Aquaglyceroporine 58
    Aquaporine 58
    Arachidonsäure 68
    Archaebakterien 23,86
    Assimilation 34
    - Nitrat- 51
    Atmung 34
    Atmungskette 47
    Auxine 52
    Ball-Zyklus 55
    Basalsekretion 72
    Bauchspeicheldrüse 77 f BioBricks 156 p Biologie, synthetische 153
    Biotransformation 104
    Blättermagen 84 f Blut 92 ff Blutdepot, Leber 101
    Blut-Hirn-Schranke 58 f Blutkuchen 93
    Blutzucker- Spiegel 1 o 9 f Botenstoff 60
    Brenztraubensäure nif Buch der Natur 157 ff Calcitriol 105
    Calcium-Ionen, Signaltransduktion 6if Calmoduline 62
    Calvin-Zyklus 43
    Carboxypeptidasen 69
    Carrier 54
    Catecholamine 134 f Cellobiose 28
    Cellulose 28
    Cellulosefibrillen 27 f Cellulose-Synthese 29
    Chemie, biomimetische 155
    - gustatorische 88 ff - präbiotische 8
    Chlorophylle 38 f Chloroplasten 30
    Cholesterol 102 f Chylomikronen 68
    Chymus 68
    Citrat-Shuttle 55
    Citronensäure-Zyklus 48, 112
    Codon 143
    - Stop- 71
    Coenzym 124 f - A 45
    Colipase 68
    Colon 82
    Core-Protein 110
    Cori-Zyklus 102
    Cortison 130
    Cyanobakterien 25
    Cytochrom P-450 104
    Cytosol 29 f Desoxyribonucleotid 140 f Diastase 118
    Dickdarm 82
    Dictyosomen 31
    Dissimilation 34
    Diversifikation 61
    DNA-Bausteine 142 f DNA-Doppelstrang 143
    DNA-Polymerase 144 p Doppelhelix 139
    Die Chemie des Lebens. Georg Schwedt Copyright © 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim Dunkelreaktion 42
    Duodenum 68
    Efflux-Transporter 59
    Eisen-Schwefel-Mineralien 6
    Elektronenmikroskopie 32
    Emerson-Effekt 41
    Endoplasmatisches Reticulum ER 31
    Energiebilanz 45,49
    Entelechie 9,11
    Enteropeptidase 70
    Entgiftung, Leber 103 f Enzyme iiyf - Konstruktion von 155
    - Näherungseffekte 121
    - Wirkungsweise 120 f Epigenese 11 f Erythropoietin 105
    Essigsäure, aktivierte 45 f Ethylen 62 f Eubakterien 24
    Evolution, chemische 8
    Exciton 39
    Ferment 118
    Ferredoxin 51
    Fettsäuren 67
    Fibrin 93
    Flavonoide 50
    Fließgleichgewichte 49
    Galacturonsäure 29
    Galle 68, 76 f Gallensäuren 68,77
    Gärung, im Pansen 87
    Gastricin 75
    Gastrin 75
    Gen 143
    - Operator- 143
    - Regulator- 143
    - Struktur- 143
    Genom 32, 143
    Genom-Rekonstruktion 156
    Gentechnologie 154
    Geschmack 88
    - Signalkaskaden 90 f Glandula 72
    Gluconeogenese 59, nif Glutamatsynthase-Zyklus 5 2
    Glutaminsäure 113 f Glutathion 99
    Glykogen 66f, 109
    Glykogenese 109
    Glykogenin, Core-Protein 110
    Glykogenolyse 109
    Glykolyse 30, 44 ff Golgi-Apparat 31
    Gonadotropine 150
    Gonadotropin-Releasing-Hormon 150
    Grünlücke 39
    Gustatorik 89 f Halbwertzeit, biologische 65
    Häm 97 f Hämatin 96
    Hämin 96 f Hämoglobin 96
    - Sauerstoff-Affinität 99
    - Struktur 97 f Harnstoffsynthese 12 ff Harnstoff-Zyklus 103
    HDL 68 f Hemicellulose 27 fr Hill-Reaktion 40
    Histone 32
    Homöostase 95, 101
    Hormone 129 ff - Nebennierenrinden- 130
    Humangenom-Projekt 147
    HVL 153
    Hydrolasen 30, 120
    Hypophyse 148 f Hypophysen- Hypothalamus-Achse 151
    Hypophysenvorderlappen 153
    Indolessigsäure 62
    Induced-fit-Theorie 121
    Infektion, kontrollierte 50
    Infusorien 3 f Insulin 131 f Ionenkanäle 56 f Isodynamie-Gesetz 65
    Isomerasen 121
    Kaskadenmodell 60 f Knöllchen-Bakterien 50 ff Kohlenhydrate 6 6 f Krebs-Zyklus 112
    Labmagen 84 f Lactat-Dehydrogenase 122 f Sachverzeichnis Lactoferrin 73
    LDL 68f Lebenskraft 8 ff Leber 100 ff - Blutdepot 101
    - Entgiftung 103 f - Protein-Stoffwechsel 103
    Liberine 151
    Lichtreaktion 41 f Ligasen 121
    Lipase, Co- 68
    - Pankreas- 68
    - Zungengrund- 68
    Lipide 67 f - HDL- 68f - LDL- 68f LUCA 23
    Lyasen 121
    Lyosomen 30
    Lysozym 72
    Magensaft 75 f Mesosomen 24
    Metabolismus, interzellulärer 68
    - Protein- 70
    Methanbildner 86
    Michaelis-Menten-Konstante 119
    Microbodies 31 f Miller-Urey-Experiment 6
    Mitochondrien 30,44 fr Mitogene 61
    Molekularbiologie 153
    Muldersche Proteintheorie 69
    Muropeptide 24
    NADH/NAD+ 125 f Näherungseffekte, Enzyme 121
    Nährstoffe 65
    Nahrung 65
    Natur, Buch der 157 ff Nebennierenrinde 152
    - Hormone 130
    Netzmagen 84 f Neurohypophyse 150
    Neurotransmitter 130
    Niacin 124
    Nicotinamid 126
    Nitrat-Assimilation 51
    Nitratreduktion, assimilatorisch 51
    Nod-Faktoren 50
    Noradrenalin 134 f Nuclein 20
    Nucleinsäure 137 ff Nucleinsäure-Basen 141
    Oxidoreduktasen 120
    Oxyhämoglobin 99
    Oxytocin 150
    Pankreas 77 f Pankreaslipase 68
    Pansen 84 ff - Gärung im 87
    Panspermielehre 3,7
    Parahormone 131
    Patch-Clamp-Messplatz 56
    - Technik 57
    PCR-Methode 147
    Pectine 29
    Pellagra 124
    Pepsin 69,75
    Peptidasen, Entero- 70
    - Carboxy- 69
    - Endo- 69
    Permeabilität, kanalvermittelnde 58
    Permeasen 54
    Permeation, passive 55
    Peroxisomen 31 f Perzeption 60
    Phase-Ii-Reaktionen 104
    Phase-I-Reaktionen 104
    Phasenkontrastmikroskopie 32
    Photosynthese 34
    - Theorie 34 f Photosystem I/II 41, 42
    Phyocyan 25
    Phytohormone 61 f Ping-Pong-Mechanismus 55, 121
    Plasmalemma 29
    Plasmamembran 29
    Polymerase-Kettenreaktion 145 ff Polysomen 30
    Präbiotische Chemie 8
    Prokaryonten 24
    Prostacycline 130
    Prostaglandin 130
    Protein, Core- 110
    Proteinkinasen 61
    Proteinmetabolismus 70
    Protein-Stoffwechsel, Leber 103
    Proteintheorie, Muldersche 69
    Protopectin 27 f Sachverzeichnis Protoplasma 26,29 p Pyruvat-Carrier 45
    - Reduktion 122 f Renin-Angiotensin-System 105
    Reticulum, endoplasmatisches 31
    Ribonucleotid 140 f Ribosomen 30,71
    RNA 144
    RNA-Polymerase 146
    RNA-Welt-Hypothese 7
    Rückresorption 104
    Ruktus 85
    Sauerstoff-Affinität, Hämoglobin 99
    Schalter, molekulare 60
    Schärferezeptor 91
    Schilddrüse 152
    S chleudermagen 84 p Schließzellen 37
    Schlosslaboratorium, Tübingen 16 ff Schlüssel-Schloss-Prinzip 119
    Schwefelbakterien, grüne 24
    Schwefelpupurbakterien 25
    Sekretin 75, 129
    Serpin 72
    Signalkaskaden, Geschmack 90 f Signaltransduktion, Calcium-Ionen 6if Sinusoide 77
    Spaltöffnungen 37
    Speichel, Mund- 72 f Speichelamylase 66
    Statine 151
    Stickstoff-Fixierung 50 ff Stoffwechselwege 81
    Symport 54 f Thylakoide 41
    Thylakoid-Stapel 24
    Thymusdrüse 152
    Thyrotropin 152
    Tight junction 58
    Transcytose 59
    Transferasen 120
    Translokatoren 54 f Translokatorprotein 55
    Transport, carriervermittelter 59
    Transporter, Carrier- 59
    - Efflux- 59
    Tricarbonsäure-Zyklus 113
    Tyrosin 115 f Ubichinon 49
    Umami 90
    Uratmosphäre 5
    Urzeugung 1 ff Vakuolen 30
    Vasopressin 150
    Verdauung 69
    - enzymatische 65
    Vitalismus 8 ff Vitamine 125
    - fettlösliche 127
    - wasserlösliche 127 p Watson-Crick-Modell 139 ff Wiederkäuer 82 ff Xanthophylle 39
    Zellatmung 30
    Zelle 27
    Zellfraktionierung 32
    Zellkern 32
    Zellwand 27 p Zinkfinger 152
    Zungengrundlipase 68
    Sachverzeichnis